Last edition, we began looking at ‘A simple model of teaching’ (below) which outlines how we can teach most effectively to match how students learn. As discussed, the first most important part of that hierarchy is the environment (see previous issue for more on this). Once / assuming we have set the students’ class and school environment to create the best conditions for learning, we then go about engaging students in the learning required. This requires a great understanding of how learning happens and cognitive load theory (developed by Professor John Sweller).
It is believed that our working memory, where the ‘processing’ of learning occurs, can only manage 4-7 ‘elements’ before it becomes overwhelmed. This essentially means that we need to chunk the information and presentation of new knowledge very carefully, and engage prior learning for students to ‘anchor’ that new knowledge to. We then scaffold the building of knowledge and skills incrementally to enable a level of mastery with each new component in learning.
To do this well, two things must happen: We must know the curriculum well and have planned it to enable the content to be delivered in manageable ‘chunks’, and the teaching of the new knowledge or skill must be explicit and succinct. We then employ techniques to assist with solidifying student understanding (e.g. examples and non-examples, verbalising definitions or concepts and checking for understanding continuously).
There are many ways we can reduce the number of ‘elements’ taking up space in the working memory that are not conducive to the learning required. Ensuring any presentation of information is limited to what needs to be known is important. It is distracting if the focal point for information is not clear or is inhibited by some of the ideas mentioned last week (busy displays, student distraction, being uncomfortable due to having to crane your neck or twist to see, feeling nervous about having to participate in checks for understanding etc…). We can also make sure we provide scaffolds such as models for reference, graphic organisers, sentence stems, worked examples etc…so that some of the thinking can be visible, in turn freeing up some of that working memory.
Obviously, this is just a very tiny insight into what we do and how we do it, but it gives an overview to how we think about learning to inform our teaching. Next edition, we will look at how we drive thought and try to ensure long-term retention of learning occurs.
This edition, we are going to check in with what Year 1 and Year 5 have been up to this term.
Year 1
In Mathematics, Year 1 have been learning how to make tens and ones using bundling sticks, working in pairs to see who can make the largest number up to 99. They can now recognise how many tens and ones there are in 2-digit numbers. The students have also been learning about position and moving through grids using left, right, turns and number of steps. Their favourite game for this is ‘Simon Says’.
Each class has created their own Acknowledgment to Country. Students discussed and illustrated what they feel should be in their class acknowledgement before all ideas were combined and the final draft published.
In Science, we have been learning about sound and light. Students created a musical instrument and identified one way they could change the sound including how loud or quiet it is, if it makes a high or low pitch and how you play different types of instruments. In this unit the students understand that they use sight to see light and hearing for sound.
Year 5: Science Meets Creativity!
This term, our Year 5 students have been diving deep into the world of adaptations as part of their Multi-Modal Science Assessment: Create-a-Creature! Through this exciting project, students have explored how animals adapt to different environments and have brought their imaginative creatures to life in multiple ways. They have crafted impressive artwork, digitally manipulated body parts to enhance their creatures' survival features, written detailed descriptions, and sculpted plasticine figurines to showcase their final designs.
Meanwhile, in English, students have embarked on a journey into the realm of fantasy writing. They have been developing the first chapters of their own fantasy narratives, crafting vivid island settings through descriptive writing and artwork. Each student has created a unique protagonist and antagonist, complete with fantastical powers, setting the stage for thrilling adventures ahead.
We are so proud of the creativity and effort our Year 5 students have shown in these projects, blending science, art, and storytelling to bring their ideas to life!